Abai study

In Kazakh literary criticism, Abai study is of particular importance. The study of life, creativity, philosophical views and social activities of Abai Kunanbayev has been and is being done by many literary scholars, writers, public figures of the past and the present. Their research should be divided into several periods.

The initial stage of the development of Abai study dates back to 1905-1917, when the first publications of Abai’s works and biographical information about the poet were compiled.

One of the first who stood at the origins of Abai study was a public figure and statesman, organizer and leader of the Alash party, scientist, publicist – Alikhan Bukeikhanov.

As a member of the Semipalatinsk subdivision of the West Siberian Department of the Russian Geographical Society, A. Bukeikhanov studied Kazakh genera, compiled a list of genera of the Kazakh steppe, and was the first to publish biographical information about Abai Kunanbayev.

In 1905, in the “Semipalatinsk Leaflet”, A. Bukeikhanov published an obituary dedicated to Abai, in which he acquaints the Russian-speaking population with the life and work of the great Kazakh poet-enlightener. The obituary was then published in 1907 in the third edition of “Notes of the Semipalatinsk Department of the Russian Geographical Society.” This publication is carefully stored in the rare collection of the East Kazakhstan Regional Universal Library named after Abai.

On August 27, 1905, the Semipalatinsk Branch of the Geographical Society expressed gratitude to A. Bukeikhanov for scientific articles and invaluable research papers.

On the advice of Alikhan Bukeikhanov in 1905, the youngest son of Abai Turagul and nephew Kakitai began to collect poetry of Abai. Kakitai and Turagul did a great job, writing down from the words of their Semipalatinsk fellow countrymen many poetic works of Abai. They also used the records of the Muslim priest, Murseit, who, at the request of Abai, collected and wrote down his verses.

In an article about Kakitai’s death, published in the Kazakh newspaper on January 18, 1915, Alikhan Bukeikhanov wrote: “In 1904, in a letter to Abai’s children, I wrote about the need to publish a collection of poetry poems. At the end of July 1905, Kakitai came to Omsk to me with the manuscripts of Abai. Kakitai was in our house for a week. We enjoyed reading Abai, Pushkin, and Lermontov.”

In Kazan, Bukeikhanov entered into an agreement with a representative of the St. Petersburg printing house, paid for the publication and took on the adjustment of the future collection. The printing house of Ilyas Boraganskiy mailed printed sheets to Kakitai in Chingistau, which he edited and sent back.

Two years were spent on the publication of a manuscript collection. The collection was published in 1909 with a volume of 120 pages in Kazakh in Arabic. It included more than 140 poems of the poet, dastans “Angime Masgut” and “Еskendіr angimesi”. In this collection, the biography of Abai, written by Kakitai, was first published. At the end of the collection is a poet’s photo.

M.O. Auezov praised Kakitai’s biographical article “Abai (Ibrahim) Kunanbaiulynyn omiri”, which was included in this collection. M.O. Auezov excitedly recalled how much help Kakitai’s article had provided him in writing the biography of the great poet. He praised Kakitai’s merits: “It is necessary to especially note the work of Kakitai Iskakuly, a pupil of Abai, a prominent Kazakh figure who contributed to the history of Kazakh culture, perpetuating Abai’s heritage.”

The collection of Abai was reprinted in 1922 in Kazan and Tashkent after the death of the publisher. (Kakitai passed away in 1915)

In 1914, the book “Oriental Collection” was published in Moscow with materials about the life and work of Abai and translations of his poems into Russian. This collection publishes the works of Myrzhakup Dulatov, the future author of the manifesto of the Alash movement “Oyan, Kazakh!” This neighborhood is a testament to the unity of spirit and letter of the freedom-loving ideas of Abai and the gaining strength of the Alash movement.

In 1918, the Abai magazine was published, in which its chief editor Myrzhakup Dulatov reports that Abai is the greatest Kazakh philosopher (sage).

Mustanbayev Idris, a participant in the Alash movement, a literary critic, and a researcher of Abai took an active part in the literary life of Kazakhstan. I. Mustanbayev defended the literary heritage of Abai, A. Baitursynov, M. Zhumabayev from attacks by Soviet party and ideological bodies.

The second period of the development of Abai study (1918-1940) was connected with the studies of Mukhtar Omarkhanovich Auezov, who was one of the first to work on the systematization and periodization of Abai’s artistic heritage.

From childhood, M. Auezov revolved in an environment spiritually close to the great poet, was close to people who knew him well, and who remembered by heart his unsurpassed works. The scientist always remembered this, because even he learned to read and write from the poems of Abai. With great gratitude, he recalled in 1928 his grandfather Auezov, who, in early childhood, introduced him to the idea of ​​remembering, absorbing everything connected with Abai: “Grandfather strove to evaluate the world around him through the eyes of Abai, like a poet. From the very childhood I felt the influence of the wise mentor Abai on all adults.”

In the city of Semipalatinsk (now the city of Semey) together with Zh. Aimautov M.O. Auezov published the scientific journal Abai.

In 1914, M. Auezov took an active part in the preparation and conduct of the literary evening in memory of Abai in connection with the twentieth anniversary of his death, where he made a report on the topic: “Abai’s Place in Kyrgyz Literature”. And in the following years, the writer always took an active part in the anniversary celebrations in honor of Abai, as well as in discussing problems one way or another connected with his life and work.

  1. Auezov at the beginning of the 1920s began studying the works of the great poet and set about creating his scientific biography. He understood the need for careful source study and textual work before others. In 1924, he compiles and prepares for publication the Complete Works of the poet, which was published in 1933. It was necessary to thoroughly analyze the textual analysis of Abai’s poems written by Mursep Bikeuly, as well as a significant number of works that were preserved in the memory of many people and were recorded later. Thus, the scientist, while compiling the first Complete Works of Abai, was one of the first in the republic to actively develop source studies and textology, Abai texts sought to conduct textual work.
  2. Auezov, starting work on the trilogy “The Way of Abai”, sought to collect as many sources and information as possible to study the primary basis of the works of Abai.

In 1941, Auezov completed the novel “Abai”, the release of which became a significant event in the cultural life of Kazakhstan. In 1944, Auezov wrote the libretto for the opera “Abai” and in 1945 the script for the film “Abai anderi” (“Songs of Abai”).

In 1946, M. Auezov began work on the second book about Abai Kunanbayev, which was published in 1947. In 1949, M. Auezov became the laureate of the Stalin Prize of the first degree for his novel about Abai Kunanbayev. In 1950, the third book of the novel by M. Auezov “Abai” and in 1959 the monograph “Abai (Ibrahim) Kunanbayev” were published.

For the epic novel “The Way of Abai” M. Auezov was awarded the Lenin Prize.

It was M. Auezov, for the first time in the history of the study of Kazakh literature in the republic, who began in 1942 lecturing and conducting classes at special courses and special seminars on Abai study at Kazakh State University.

Thus, Mukhtar Auezov created the first scientific biography of the classic of Kazakh poetry and published a number of studies about him, made a significant contribution to the formation and development of Abai study as a separate field of science.

  1. Auezov proved himself to be a deep connoisseur of his work, as a thoughtful researcher of the poet’s heritage; he became a brilliant artist, a talented researcher of Abai

One of the first about the theoretical aspects of Abai textualism is written by the classic of Kazakh literature, the first chairman of the Union of Writers of Kazakhstan Ilyas Zhansugurov in the article “Book of Abai”, published in 1923 in Tashkent. The article is valuable in that it contains the thoughts of I. Zhansugurov regarding the corrections that were made by the authors of the publication of the Book of Abai. I. Zhansugurov writes: “Abai did not write according to traditional canons, he is a poet of a new time, therefore Abai’s poems were corrected, entire lines were corrected precisely because of the novelty and incomprehensibility of individual verses.” I. Zhansugurov pointed out 21 unjustified corrections made by the authors of the “Book of Abai.”

  1. Zhansugurov writes: “Abai paid great attention to the sounding of his poems. It is difficult to change anything in his poems. He does not use passing words, does not pursue prettiness, for external harmonies. This should be remembered while working with the texts of Abai.”

The third period of development of Abai study (1940-1970) is characterized by the intensification of the study of Abai’s work and translations of his works into many languages ​​of the world. During this period, the scientific works of S. Mukanov, K. Zhumaliyev, B. Kenzhebayev, M. S. Silchenko, K. Mukhamedkhanov, T. Tazhibayev, B. G. Erzakovich were published.

Since 1940, the works of Abai in Russian have been published 15 times. In 1945-1960, the poet’s collections were published in Uzbek, Tatar, Turkmen, Mongolian, Chinese, Czech, Belarusian, and Latvian. In 1970, in Moscow, the Progress Publishing House released a collection of works by Abai in Arabic and English.

A significant contribution to the development of abaeology during this period was made by the writer, scientist Kayum (Gabdulkayum) Mukhamedkhanov. The name of Kayum Mukhamedkhanov is known in the republic as one of the founders of scientific Abai study. From the first days of research, K. Mukhamedkhanov bit by bit collected material about Abai and the poets of the Abai’s era.

The atmosphere of the native house, the interest in literature and art inherited from his father, in his native word predetermined the life path of K. Mukhamedkhanov. K. Mukhamedkhanov heard songs and poems of Abai as a child when he was in elementary school. The lyrics of Abai immediately captivated and excited him.

On the advice of M.O. Auezov, an inquisitive young man, Gabdulkayum, tirelessly studied the life and work of Abai, his sons and students. This topic occupied the main place in his work. K. Mukhamedkhanov discovered and preserved Abai’s poetry school for world literature, which became the meaning of his life. He paved the way for many researchers to actively study literary studies of local lore and the work of the poets of the Abai’s circle.

On April 7, 1951, K. Mukhamedkhanov defended his dissertation “Abai Literary School”, on the defense of which M.O. Auezov noted: “… He did a great job of collecting biographical data, as well as collecting and publishing a large number of forgotten, disappeared works of poets of the Abai’s era. Mukhamedkhanov took the most correct path in determining the circle of creative personalities that make up the poets of the Abai’s circle. ”

From the review of academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR M.S. Silchenko about K. Mukhamedkhanov’s dissertation “Poets of the Abai’s era”: “The work of Kayum Mukhamedkhanov (in Kazakh language with a volume of 318 pages of typewriting and annexes with it of 478 pages of typewriting) is the result and generalization of a long and amorous collection and studies of material that significantly replenishes our ideas about the literary process of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. From the work of Mukhamedkhanov, we learn about a wide range of talented poets, musicians, storytellers who spoke with Abai, studied with him, and followed his instructions. Thus, in the history of Kazakh literature of the 19th century, the direction of the closest followers of Abai looms, followed by further successors to the traditions of the great poet.”

K.Mukhamedkhanov came under repressions. In December 1951, after defending a Ph.D. thesis on the topic “Abai Literary School”, whose supervisor was M.O. Auezov, Kayum Mukhamedkhanov was sentenced to 25 years as an enemy of the people (the accusation was almost thirty pages). K. Mukhamedkhanov was arrested at work, in the museum, and the dissertation monograph was anathematized and destroyed.

  1. Mukhamedkhanov returned after the “black five-year period” from Karlag only after complete rehabilitation and immediately returned to his important topic – the theme of Abai, his time and environment. After his release from Karlag, he had to restore everything, based on his own and human memory. He carried out painstaking textological work, put in a tremendous amount of work so that the poetic, philosophical words of Abai, Shakarim, their followers Uayis Shondybayev, Arip Tanirbergenov, Kokpai Zhanatayev, Aset Naimanbayev and other creators of Kazakh literature were read and understood reliably. The result of many years of work was his monograph “Textology of the Works of Abai”, “Poets of the Abai environment”, “Poet Magavya Kunanbayev”, which serve as a huge contribution to the study of the life and work of Abai, his students and followers.

Doctor of Philology, Professor Mitrofan Semenovich Silchenko since 1931 taught Russian literature at the Kazakh Pedagogical Institute named after Abai. In Alma-Ata, the scientific and literary interests of M. S. Silchenko were determined and formalized. In collaboration with M. P. Batalov in 1934 he published the book “Essays on Kazakh folklore and literature.” Since that time, he began to publish studies on the work of Abai Kunanbayev.

In 1945, M. Silchenko released the small work “Abai (Essay on the Life and Creativity)”. In 1957, his book “Creative Biography of Abai” was published. For this work M.S. Silchenko was awarded the degree of Doctor of Philology.

  1. S. Silchenko is the author of the first textbooks on Kazakh literature for Russian schools in Kazakhstan (grades 9-10), which published a biography and works of Abai Kunanbayev and a friend who became classics of Kazakh writers and poets.

One of the founders of Kazakh literature, the national writer of Kazakhstan Sabit Mukanov from an early age was familiar with Kazakh folk, tales legends and works of Abai.

Sabit Mukanov made a great contribution to the study of the theory and history of literature and the literary process. In particular, he investigated the formation and development of various genres in Kazakh literature, the aesthetics and cultural heritage of theater and music.

He studied Kazakh literature of 17 – beginning of 20 years (“Kazakh literature of the XX century”, “Essays of the history of Kazakh literature of the XVII-XIX centuries”), creative works of the Kazakh prose writers and poets, the authors of which are: Akhmet Baitursynov, Mirzhakyp Dulatov, Saken Seifullin, Magzhan Zhumabayev, Sultanmakhmut Toraigyrov, Mukhtar Auezov, Zhusupbek Aimautov, Tair Zharokov, etc., are guided by the literary heritage of Abai Kunanbayev (see “Opinions on the Way to Know Abai”; “Abai is the national poet”, monograph “Abai Kunanbayev”).

Journalist, translator, writer, scientistand researcher of Abai Abusagit (Abish) Zhirenshin (Zhirenchin) was one of the activists who helped in 1939-1945 in organizing the 95th, 100th anniversary of the great Abai and the museum in Zhidebay, renaming the Chingistau region to Abai region in 1940.

In 1961, Zhirenshin prepared and published the book “The Complete Works of Abai in one volume.” He broader and deeper considers the historical causes and social environment that gave rise to Abai. This makes it possible to correctly understand not only the ways of formation of the poet, but also of all universal human thought. He comprehensively argues that Abai was a scientist. He was able, like M. O. Auezov, to create a monolithic image of the poet and scientist.

  1. Zhirenshin is the author of the monographs “Abai and his Russian friends” (1949), “Abai is the great thinker of the Kazakh people” (1950), “Abai and the great Russian democrats” (1959), etc.

The scientific work of the Kazakh poet, literary critic Kazhym Zhumaliyev, “Abaiga deiyngi kazak poeziyasy zhane Abai poeziyasynyn tili” (“Kazakh poetry before Abai and the language of Abai poetry”, 1946) was a significant contribution to Abai study. This book was highly appreciated by N. K. Dmitriyev, S. E. Malov, V. M. Zhirmunskiy and other scientists.

The study of folklorist Rakhmankul Berdibayev “Abai and oral literature” (Abai’s lessons. – A., 1986, 237-243 p.) is based on the self-esteem of Abai’s works. In the article “Navoi and Abai” (1960, September 16) he investigates the connection between Abai’s works and Oriental poetry, its resemblance and individuality.

In the fundamental scientific work “On the History of the Development of Pedagogy and Psychology at the End of the 19th Century in Kazakhstan”, public and state activist, scientist, teacher Tazhibayev Tulegen Tazhibayevich wrote about the systemic relationship and the continuity of psychological and pedagogical ideas of traditional “folk pedagogy” and pedagogy based on the results of scientific studies of great scientists and enlighteners – Abai Kunanbayev, Ch. Valikhanov and I. Altynsarin. Special attention was paid by the author to the psychological views of the great Abai. As T. Tazhibayev says, A. Kunanbayev is the first Kazakh thinker, who laid the foundations of the basic psychology in the republic. Valuable and, most likely, the unique idea in this research is that the great Abai considered the personal problem as the main problem of upbringing.

Though the basic ideas he took from the tracts and studies of the great Western and Eastern thinkers, yet he managed to build a unique psychological system of the individual with the peculiarities of the life of a nomadic people. This fact is indicative of the integration of the Eurasian approach to the formation of a man, which, in the subsequent confirmation of a planar development.

Also in the day-to-day work “On the Development of Pedagogy and Psychology at the end of the 19th Century in Kazakhstan” T.Tazhibayev opened views to the penalized personal identity of Abai Kunanbayev’s psychology.

Thus, T.T.Tazhibayev tried to do an analysis of the unique legacy of the educational glances of the great thinkers of the Kazakh steppe.

During this period, the study of the life and work of Abai Kunanbayev was also carried out by other literary scholars, including Beisenbai Kenzhebayev, Serik Smailovich Kirabayev, a musicologist, folklorist, composer, author of the fundamental works on the musical culture of Kazakhstan, Boris Girshevich Erzakovich, who is the author of a collection of works by folk composers-singers Birzhan, Mukhit, Zhayau Baizhanov and Abai Kunanbayev (1967-1970), etc.

In the 1980s a new period of Abaeology began. Dozens of fundamental scientific works testify to a new scientific and theoretical level of Abai study. During this period, the “Complete Works of Abai” was prepared and published. Such scientists as R. Syzdykova, T. Alimkulov, A. Nurkatov, M. Myrzakhmetov, Zh. Ismagulov, Z. Akhmetov, Z. Kabdolov, G. Esimov, T. Kozhakeev, G. Mukanov, R. Sulym, V. Lutsas and others made a significant contribution to the study and promotion of the creative heritage of Abai.

Doctor of Philology, academician of the Kazakh SSR, Honored Scientist of the Republic of Kazakhstan Akhmetov Zaki Akhmetovich in 1951 defended his thesis “Lermontov and Abai”, then in 1965defended his Doctoral dissertation “Kazakh versification.” His research interests include traditions and innovation, the artistry of Kazakh poets, the problems of poetics and the relationship of Kazakh literature with literature of other nations, the theory of poetry and poetics, and the study of the work of Abai and M. Auezov.

  1. Akhmetov is the author of 12 monographs and more than 300 scientific studies (in Russian and Kazakh), among which are: “On the language of Kazakh poetry”, “Olen Sozdin teoriyasy” (“Theory of poetic art”), “Modern development and traditions of Kazakh literature “,” The poetry of the epic “The Way of Abai” in the light of the history of its creation “,” The Poetic World of Abai “,” Poeziya shyny- danalyk”(“The peak of poetry is wisdom”).

In his work “The role of Abai in the development of Kazakh versification” Zaki Akhmetov wrote: “Abai’s work on the verse was associated with the development of new genre forms, with efforts to update the Kazakh poetic language. And this direction of Abai’s searches in the field of art form and versification was closely connected with the general realistic orientation of his work … It is very important to emphasize that Abai, a poet and thinker, has done a lot, above all, in the field of lyric poetry; here his talent was revealed widely and multifaceted. His works are lyrical thoughts about the most important issues of public life … Abai immeasurably enriched the poetic vocabulary of the Kazakh language, expanded the semantic volume of many words; he brought a lot of new things into poetic phraseology, he solved the problem of creating a new poetic style … ”

The scientist’s versatile talent was manifested in writing a multi-volume collective study “The History of Kazakh Literature from Ancient Times to the Present Day”, the three-volume “Kazakh Literature” in Russian, and the 7th volume of “World Literature”. Z. Akhmetov prepared the complete works of Abai Kunanbayev (1954, 1957, 1970, 1995). Under the editorship of Akhmetov, the book “Adebiyettanu terminderinin sozdigi”(“Dictionary of Literary Terms”, 1996) was published. The monograph “Olen sozdin teoriyasy” was published in China (1992).

Journalist, publicist, writer, translator, scientist Zhumagali Ismagulov is a researcher of the works of Abai Kunanbayev, Akhmet Baitursynov, Mirzhakyp Dulatov. The main object of research activity of J. Ismagulov is the rich creative heritage of Abai. To the great Kazakh poet and thinker the monograph “Abai’s Poetic Lessons” and the doctoral dissertation “Realistic Principles of the Image of Reality in Abai’s Poetry” are dedicated.

Between 1990 and 1995, Zhumagali Ismagulov took an active part in the preparation and conduct of the 150th anniversary of the birth of Abai, in the publication of his academic collected works in two volumes. In 1996, the State Prize of the Republic of Kazakhstan was awarded to a well-known literary scholar for a large contribution to the publication and research of Abai’s work.

Abai study and Auezov study are the main directions in the work of the Doctor of philological sciences, Professor Tursyn Zhurtbai. This is evidenced by the following scientific monographs of the scientist: “Adjust your cradle!”, “Protect your cradle”, “Remember your cradle!”, “M. Auezov’s creative life and art world”,”Mukhtar Omarkhanuly Auezov “,” Abai and the problem of spiritual independence”.

In 1966, at the age of 15, T. Zhurtbai published his first work “Abai’s Peak – Mukhtar’s Peak”, which won the republican schoolchildren competition.

  1. Zhurtbai brought into scientific circulation over 200 archival information and facts concerning the closest circle of Kunanbai and Abai. As a result, T. Zhurtbai wrote their biographical chronicles – shezhіre.

It is worth noting that in the house of the scientist, the researcher of Abai Kayum Muhamedkhanuly, there is a chair where Auezov himself was sitting. Initially, when Tursyn Zhurtbai accidentally sat on this chair, the scientist raised his voice and ordered that he immediately stand up. Only after some time he allowed him to sit on this chair. “I have ten sons, and the eleventh son Tursyn,” he then told all the guests. Only Tursyn allowed sitting on this chair. There are three threads; this is Abai-Auezov-Kayum. And this thread is continued by scientist Tursyn Zhurtbai.

In 1965, researcher of Abai, scientist, doctor of philological sciences, Professor Mekemtas Myrzakhmetov defended his dissertation on the study of the literary heritage of Abai Kunanbayev under the supervision of academician Kazhim Zhumaliyev, and in 1989 he defended his doctoral dissertation on the problems of Mukhtar Auezov and Abai study.

On the 150th anniversary of Abai, on the 100th anniversary of M. Auezov, he published: the bibliographic index “Abai study”, “Unpublished materials on Abai study” (1988), “Abai zhuzi ibenenen” (1985), “Moral ideals of Abai” (1993) , “Abaidy oki, tanyrka” (1993), “Abai and Orient” (1994), “Abai study” (1994), “Ascent of Mukhtar Auezov to Abai” (1995), “Auezov and Abai” (1997), “Tugan oilar”(1998) and other works that served as the basis for Mekemtas Myrzakhmetuly to become a laureate of the State Prize of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Mekemtas Myrzakhmetov in his work “Auezov is a collector and textologist of Abai’s works” notes: “M. Auezov from the very beginning began to study the heritage of Abai in a comprehensive manner, carefully analyzing the various circumstances and conditions under which the poems were created. Of all the researchers of Abai of his time, only he investigated the poet’s legacy on the basis of the chronological principle. It should be noted that, unlike others, M. Auezov was lucky to be in direct contact with Abai’s environment.

The researcher of Abai, literary critic, member of the Writers’ Union of Kazakhstan, Ibragimov Token Smailovich, for many years leading the Abai Museum in Semey, made a significant contribution to the preservation and promotion of the heritage of Abai.

Token Ibragimov has been working at the Abai Museum since April 12, 1979. Then the museum was housed in one small building, the former home of the merchant Roman Ershov. Having become the director of the Abai memorial museum, it was Token Ibragimov who created a large memorial complex of Abai Kunanbayev in the city center.

The state historical, cultural and literary memorial museum-reserve of Abai includes the city complex, the Abai House-Museum in Zhidebai, the Mukhtar Auezov Literary Museum in the village of Borli, a 6400 hectare conservation area with 16 historical monuments. In addition to them, museums of students and descendants of the poet are open. The museum-mosque of Kokbai Zhanatayev is in the area of ​​Takyr, the museum of Shakir Abenov is in the village of Kundyzdy of the Abai district, the museum of Aset Naimanbayev is in the village of Makanchi of the Urdzhar district.

Since 1979, he is a member of the Union of Writers of Kazakhstan, and since 1997 he has been the head of the Semipalatinsk Union of Writers of Kazakhstan

For special merits in the promotion of spiritual heritage of Abai, Shakarim and Mukhtar Auezov, an active social life and many years of fruitful work, personal contribution to the development of literature and art, museums in the Semipalatinsk region, the director of the State Historical – Cultural Literary-Memorial Museum-Reserve of Abai Token Smailovich Ibragimov in 2002 awarded the title “Honorary Citizen of Semipalatinsk.”

Researcher of Abai , Ph.D., professor, scientist, teacher , academician of NAS RK Garifolla Yesim is the author of over 400 articles, publications devoted to the history of the Kazakh philosophy, theory and history of culture, including ” Hakim Abai ” (1994), ” Sana bolmysy ” “ Danyshpan Shakarim” (in Kazakh and Russian, 2008), An Insider’s Critique of the Kazakh Nation : Reflections on the Writings of Abai Kunanbai-uhli ( Los Angeles , California , USA, 2009), “On the Edge of the Abyss” (2009 ), ” Sayasi filosofiyasy”(Political philosophy) (2009), “Zhar zhagasy “(The rock coast) (2009), “Adam- zat”(Humanity) (in Kazakh, 2008), “Adam- zat”(Humanity) (in Turkish, Istanbul, 2009), textbook-anthology ” Falsafa Tarihi “(2004). Garifolla Yesim has a copyright certificate for the electronic textbook “Abaidin kara sozderi turaly paiymdaular “(Judgments about Abai Kunanbayev’s “Book of Words”) (2005).

The works are distinguished by the novelty of the study of the problems of Kazakh philosophy and culture, a non-standard interpretation of their solution. Through the work of the great Abai, through the vision of his work D. Yesim shows the historical, scientific, philosophical significance of the continuity of cultures, the connection of cultures of East and West. He is one of the authors of “Abai encyclopediasy” (Encyclopedia of Abai), “Abaidin filosophiyasy men dunietanymy” (Abai’s philosophy).

It should be noted that scientific research in the field of abaology today is carried out by young scientists, among which:

Zhundibayeva Arai is a literary critic, linguist, local historian, researcher of alash, translator, publicist, poet, and writer. She is the author of training programs and manuals in English for universities, including the History of Abaitanu. Zhundibayeva A.K. is the author of the English textbook “The words of the edification of Abai” and the teaching tool “Learning the words of the edifications of Abai.” The author of training courses for the university “Kayim study”, “History of Shakarim study”, “World of Abai.”

Baurzhan Erdembekov is a Doctor of Philological Sciences, Professor, researcher of Abai, Shakarim, Mukhtar. He is an author of the monograph and the corresponding articles on Abai study, among which are Abai study (Abai’s Literary environment), Abai study (Abai’s poetic school, “Kazakh literature at the turn of the ages”), 2010), Abai Studies (tutorial) (2012), Kazakh Literature (textbook for higher education) (2012), Abai’s Literary Environment (monograph, written by the Kazakh alphabet based on Arabic graphics, 2014), Abai study (2010). Baurzhan Erdembekov is a member of a republic folklore-ethnographic and literary-historical journal “Abai”.

To the 150th anniversary of the birth of Abai, scientific conferences were held in many cities around the world on the work of the great poet. During this period, the works of Abai were published in Turkey, Pakistan, Iran, China, translated into French, English, German and other languages of the world.

Abai’s work is studied by many foreign scientists, writers, literary critics, translators, linguists, and turkologists, including Leonard (Leo) Kossuth, Mark Kirchner and Marcel Erdahl (Germany), Ha Huanzhang and Wang Xiaoyu (China), Frantisek Soukup (Czech Republic), Imre Trencheni Wildapfel, Jozsef Torma and Andras Kelemen (Hungary), Leon Robel, Albert Fischler, Jocelyn Perar, Marvionne Perrault and Chantal Lemercier-Kelkezey (France), Edoardo Canetta (Italy), Khalid Iqbal Yasira-Pakistan (Pakistan), Zifa –Alua Auezova (Netherlands), Harry Liids (USA) and other scientists, thanks to the studies of which foreign readers get acquainted with the work of the great Abai.

Literature:

  1. Researcher of Abai and philosopher: [About G. Yesim] // Semey tany. – 2003. – July 18-24. – p. 4, 12
  2. Alekseev N. Life dedicated to Abai// Irtysh. – 1996. – January 11.
  3. Asylbek E. Coryphaeus of Abai study in the arms of fellow countrymen. // Kazakhstanskaya pravda. – 1996. – February 15.
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